a banished person

ex-sul or exul, ŭlis, comm. [usual. referred to solum; one who is banished from his native soil; but prob. from root sal-, Sanscr. sar, to go; Lat. salire, saltare; cf.: praesul, consul, subsul, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 71], a banished person, wanderer, exile.

Prop.:

omnes scelerati atque impii, quos leges exsilio affici volunt, exsules sunt, etiamsi solum non mutarint,

Cic. Par. 4, 2, 31:

civitas exsulem regem (Tarquinium) esse jussit,

id. Rep. 2, 25 fin.:

exsules damnatique,

Caes. B. G. 5, 55, 3; cf.:

capitis damnati exsulesque,

id. B. C. 3, 110, 4:

cum Hannibal Carthagine expulsus Ephesum ad Antiochum venisset exsul,

Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75:

cum vagus et exsul erraret atque undique exclusus,

id. Clu. 62, 175:

exsules restituti,

id. Phil. 1, 1, 3; Suet. Claud. 12:

reducere,

Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1; Auct. Her. 2, 28, 45:

dives, inops, Romae, seu fors ita jusserit, exsul,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 59.—With gen. (mostly poet.):

patriae quis exsul se quoque fugit?

Hor. C. 2, 16, 19.—With abl.:

nunc vero exsul patriā, domo,

Sall. J. 14, 17.—Prov.: exsuli ubest nusquam domus est, sine sepulchro mortuus, Publ. Syr. 155 (Speng.).—

As fem.:

exsul Hypermnestra,

Ov. H. 14, 129; Tac. A. 14, 63:

(Latona) exsul erat mundi,

Ov. M. 6, 189.— Poet.:

exul adhuc jacet umbra ducit,

Luc. 8, 837. —

Transf. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

exsul mentisque domusque,

deprived of reason, Ov. M. 9, 409:

erret per urbem pontis exsul et clivi,

Mart. 10, 5, 3: ciconia avis exsul hiemis, i. e. that leaves us in winter, Publ. Syr. ap. Petr. 55 (Com. Fragm. p. 304 Rib.).

prŏfŭgus, a, um, adj. [profugio], that flees or has fled, fugitive (not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. fugitivus).

In gen.:

profugus domo,

Liv. 1, 1:

ex urbe,

Tac. H. 4, 49:

ex Peloponneso,

Liv. 1, 8:

e proelio,

Tac. H. 2, 46:

a proelio,

Flor. 4, 2:

ad rebelles,

Tac. A. 1, 57.—Of animals:

boves profugae,

Prop. 5, 1, 4:

juvenci,

Val. Fl. 3, 57:

taurus profugus altaribus,

Tac. H. 3, 56; cf.

currus,

Ov. M. 15, 506.—With gen.:

Tiridates regni profugus,

Tac. A. 15, 1:

bis vinculorum (Hannibalis) profugus,

escaped from, Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 104.—

Transf., fleeing hither and thither, vagabond, roving, wandering, unsettled ( poet.):

profugi Scythae,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 9:

Scythes,

id. 4, 14, 42; Vulg. Gen. 4, 12.—

In partic., that flees from his native country, fugitive, banished, exiled:

Hannibal patriā profugus,

Liv. 34, 60:

Trojani, qui profugi incertis sedibus vagabantur,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

fato profugus,

Verg. A. 1, 2:

classis,

Ov. M. 13, 627.—

Subst.: prŏ-fŭgus, i, and prŏfŭga, ae, m.

A fugitive, banished person, exile ( poet.):

profugus patriam deseras,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 75:

profugo affer opem,

Ov. P. 2, 9, 6; 3, 6, 40:

servi alieni profugae,

App. M. 6, p. 175, 7; cf. Prisc. p. 622 P.—

An apostate:

reus suae religionis aut profugus,

Min. Fel. 35, 6.

exsŭlo or exŭlo, also arch. exsŏlo, exŏlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [exsul].

Neutr., to be an exile or banished person, to live in exile (class.):

qui Romam in exsili um venisset, cui Romae exsulare jus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 177:

ut exsulares,

id. Par. 4, 2, 32 sq.:

aptissimus ad exulandum locus,

id. Fam. 4, 8, 2:

in Volscos exsulatum abiit,

Liv. 2, 35, 6:

exsulans atque egens,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39:

apud Prusiam exsulans,

id. Div. 2, 24, 52; Mart. Spect. 4, 5 et saep.:

alii exolatum abierant,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 134; id. Ps. 4, 3, 18.—

Transf.:

perii, nam domo exulo nunc: metuo fratrem, Ne intus sit,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 62:

cum omnes meo discessu exsulasse rem publicam putent,

Cic. Par. 4, 2, 30:

peculatus ex urbe et avaritia si exulant,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 7:

etiam cum manent corpore, animo tamen exsulant,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:

quousque in regno exsulabo,

be a stranger in my own country, Curt. 5, 8, 11.—

Act., to banish, exile a person (late Lat.):

tunc iterum exulatur,

Hyg. Fab. 26; Dict. Cretens. 4, 4 fin.

exsŭlo or exŭlo, also arch. exsŏlo, exŏlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [exsul].

Neutr., to be an exile or banished person, to live in exile (class.):

qui Romam in exsili um venisset, cui Romae exsulare jus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 177:

ut exsulares,

id. Par. 4, 2, 32 sq.:

aptissimus ad exulandum locus,

id. Fam. 4, 8, 2:

in Volscos exsulatum abiit,

Liv. 2, 35, 6:

exsulans atque egens,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39:

apud Prusiam exsulans,

id. Div. 2, 24, 52; Mart. Spect. 4, 5 et saep.:

alii exolatum abierant,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 134; id. Ps. 4, 3, 18.—

Transf.:

perii, nam domo exulo nunc: metuo fratrem, Ne intus sit,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 62:

cum omnes meo discessu exsulasse rem publicam putent,

Cic. Par. 4, 2, 30:

peculatus ex urbe et avaritia si exulant,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 7:

etiam cum manent corpore, animo tamen exsulant,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:

quousque in regno exsulabo,

be a stranger in my own country, Curt. 5, 8, 11.—

Act., to banish, exile a person (late Lat.):

tunc iterum exulatur,

Hyg. Fab. 26; Dict. Cretens. 4, 4 fin.

exsŭlo or exŭlo, also arch. exsŏlo, exŏlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [exsul].

Neutr., to be an exile or banished person, to live in exile (class.):

qui Romam in exsili um venisset, cui Romae exsulare jus esset,

Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 177:

ut exsulares,

id. Par. 4, 2, 32 sq.:

aptissimus ad exulandum locus,

id. Fam. 4, 8, 2:

in Volscos exsulatum abiit,

Liv. 2, 35, 6:

exsulans atque egens,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39:

apud Prusiam exsulans,

id. Div. 2, 24, 52; Mart. Spect. 4, 5 et saep.:

alii exolatum abierant,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 134; id. Ps. 4, 3, 18.—

Transf.:

perii, nam domo exulo nunc: metuo fratrem, Ne intus sit,

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 62:

cum omnes meo discessu exsulasse rem publicam putent,

Cic. Par. 4, 2, 30:

peculatus ex urbe et avaritia si exulant,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 7:

etiam cum manent corpore, animo tamen exsulant,

Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 7:

quousque in regno exsulabo,

be a stranger in my own country, Curt. 5, 8, 11.—

Act., to banish, exile a person (late Lat.):

tunc iterum exulatur,

Hyg. Fab. 26; Dict. Cretens. 4, 4 fin.

* * *

rē-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [statuo], to put or set up again, i. e. either to replace in its former position, or (more freq.) to restore to its former condition, to rebuild, revive, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: restauro, renovo, reficio).

In gen.

Lit.:

senatus decrevit, ut Minerva nostra, quam turbo dejecerat, restitueretur,

Cic. Fam. 12, 25, a, 1:

arborem,

Verg. G. 2, 272:

luxatum femur ex toto,

Cels. 8, 20: aedes (with reficere), Cic. Top. 3, 15:

domum a Clodio disjectam,

i. e. to rebuild, Vell. 2, 45, 3; cf.

domum,

Suet. Ner. 31:

theatrum,

id. Claud. 21:

statuas (disjectas),

id. Calig. 34:

tropaea disjecta,

id. Caes. 11:

fores effractas,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 40:

oppida vicosque, quos incenderant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 28:

fontes et Flumina,

Ov. M. 2, 407:

turbatas comas,

id. F. 3, 16:

ordines,

Sall. J. 51, 3; cf.

aciem,

Liv. 5, 18; 29, 2 al.:

inclinatam aciem,

Suet. Caes. 62:

(eos, qui) quaedam contra naturam depravata habent, restituere et corrigere,

Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96:

oculos (luminibus orbati),

Suet. Vesp. 7:

visum,

Plin. 25, 8, 50, § 89:

pilos,

id. 32, 10, 40, § 119:

se (apes, with reviviscere),

Varr. R. R. 3, 16 fin.; cf.:

aliquem a limine mortis,

Cat. 68, 4; Verg. Cul. 223;

and restinctos,

to raise the dead, Ov. P. 3, 6, 35:

apes restituunt se ac reviviscunt,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 38.—

Trop., to restore, revive, renew, reform, etc.: unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84; Cic. Att. 2, 19, 2; Liv. 30, 26; Verg. A. 6, 846 Serv.; Macr. S. 6, 1; Ov. F. 2, 242; Aug. ap. Suet. Tib. 21 al. (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.); cf.:

rem prolapsam,

Liv. 2, 63:

res perditas,

id. 25, 37; 6, 22:

rem impeditam et perditam,

Ter. And. 3, 5, 13;

and simply rem,

Liv. 3, 12 Drak.; 8, 11;

25, 37: veteres clientelas,

Caes. B. G. 6, 12:

veterem tuam illam calliditatem atque prudentiam,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 61:

tribuniciam potestatem,

id. Agr. 2, 14, 36:

tribuniciam intercessionem armis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 7: proelium, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 23, 52; Caes. B. G. 7, 87; 1, 53; Liv. 6, 8; cf.:

pugnam omnibus locis,

id. 4, 38 fin.; 2, 19:

damna Romano accepta bello,

id. 31, 43:

sanitatem,

Just. 6, 4, 13:

bellum,

id. 35, 1, 10; Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 56; cf.

vires,

Val. Fl. 2, 70:

adulescentem corruptum,

to reform, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 81:

suorum a pudore maritimae ignominiae restituti animi,

restored, revived, Liv. 35, 27:

consolando aliquorum restituere voluntatem aut benevolentiam in dominum,

Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 7.—

In partic., to give back, deliver up, return, restore a thing belonging to a person or place (syn. reddo).

Lit.: Mi. Paterna oportet reddi filio bona. Ha. Restituentur omnia, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 122:

tribuni vobis amissa reddent ac restituent?

Liv. 3, 68.—

With a personal object: virginem suis Restituere ac reddere,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67; 4, 6, 8:

alicui filium,

id. Heaut. 3, 1, 83; id. And. 3, 3, 38; id. Hec. 5, 3, 20:

amissa cuique,

Caes. B. C. 1, 87:

bona iis,

id. ib. 2, 21:

majorum locum huic,

id. B. G. 5, 25:

agrum Veientibus,

Liv. 2, 13 et saep.:

alicui suum familiarem et hospitem, ereptum e manibus hostium,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53:

Sextus Pompeius civitati restitutus,

Cic. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

captum victori,

Liv. 9, 11:

apibus fructum suum,

Phaedr. 3, 13, 15:

Caesaris imperio restituendus erat,

Ov. P. 4, 13, 38:

illum restituam huic, hic autem in Alidem me meo patri,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 56:

aliquem natalibus,

to set free, Dig. 40, tit. 11;

v. natalis.— With abstr. object: sed etiam meam vocem et auctoritatem et vobis et rei publicae conservatam ac restitutam puto,

Cic. Marcell. 1, 2:

lucem salutemque redditam sibi ac restitutam,

id. Dom. 28, 75.—Without dat.:

amissa (opp. adimere),

Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

fraudata,

id. ib. 3, 60 fin. al.:

Arpi restituti ad Romanos,

Liv. 24, 47; cf.:

(Cloelia) sospites omnes Romam ad propinquos restituit,

id. 2, 13; 49:

aliquem in aliquem locum,

Ter. And. 4, 1, 58; cf. Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 108:

(Siciliam) in antiquum statum,

Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 12; cf.:

civitates afflictas in melius,

Suet. Vesp. 17. —

Publicists' and jurid. t. t., to bring back or restore to his previous state or condition; to recall, reinstate a person condemned, banished, deprived of his property, etc. (cf. reduco):

restituebat multos calamitosos... Licinium Denticulam de aleā condemnatum restituit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 23, 56:

omnes, qui lege Pompeiā condemnati essent,

id. Att. 10, 4, 8:

quae fuisset justa causa restituendi mei, nisi fuisset injusta eiciendi?

id. Mil. 14, 36; cf. id. ib. 15, 39:

aliquem (damnatum),

Suet. Caes. 41; id. Calig. 15:

exsulem,

id. Claud. 12:

legionem totam cum ignominiā missam,

id. Caes. 69:

neque enim praetor, si ex eo fundo essem dejectus, ita me restitui jussit,

Cic. Caecin. 29, 82; cf. id. ib. 8, 23: nonnullos ambitus Pompeiā lege damnatos in integrum restituit, Caes. B. C. 3, 1:

aliquem in integrum,

Cic. Clu. 36, 98; Dig. 4, 1, 4; 4, 15 (cf. the whole section, ib. 4, 1: De in integrum restitutionibus); cf.:

Sampsiceramum restitui in eum locum cupere, ex quo decidit,

Cic. Att. 2, 23, 2:

equites Romanos in tribunicium honorem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 77 fin.:

tribunos plebis in suam dignitatem,

id. ib. 1, 22:

restitutus in patriam (Camillus) patriam ipsam restituit,

Liv. 7, 1 fin.; so,

in patriam,

Suet. Ner. 3.—

Transf.

Of things, to deliver up again, to make restitution of, restore:

in utriusque bonis nihil erat, quod restitui posset, nisi quod moveri loco non poterat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 62; Dig. 43, 8, 2, § 34; 43, 12, 1, § 19 al.—

Of a previous judicial sentence or of injustice committed, to reverse, i. e. to make null and void, to make good again, repair (cf.:

rescindo, resolvo): alia judicia Lilybaei, alia Agrigenti, alia Panhormi restituta sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

qui (praetor) dies totos aut vim fieri vetat aut restitui factam jubet, etc.,

id. Caecin. 13, 36:

ut si ego eum condemnaro, tu restituas,

id. Fam. 9, 10, 2; cf.:

restitui in integrum aequom est,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 11.—

To compensate for, make good (rare):

damnum,

Liv. 31, 43, 4; Vulg. Exod. 22, 12:

jacturam,

Col. 11, 1, 28. —

Trop., to restore to a former condition, to re-establish, etc.:

ut anno XVI. post reges exactos secederent, leges sacratas ipsi sibi restituerent,

restored for themselves, re-established, Cic. Corn. 1, Fragm. 23, p. 450 fin. Orell.:

restituit his animos parva una res,

Liv. 25, 18; cf. id. 21, 53:

ut interfecto Punico praesidio restituerent se Romanis,

join themselves again to the Romans, id. 23, 7:

ulcera sanitati restituens,

restoring, Plin. 20, 6, 23, § 51; cf. id. 14, 18, 22, § 118:

Bacchus peccasse fatentem Restituit,

restored to his former condition, Ov. M. 11, 135; cf.:

cum semel occideris... Non, Torquate, genus, non te facundia, non te Restituet pietas,

Hor. C. 4, 7, 24:

restituam jam ego te in gaudia,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 44:

haud facile te in eundem rursus restitues locum,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 108; cf.:

cives ex servitute in libertatem,

Liv. 28, 39:

poëtam in locum, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 13: aliquem rursus in gratiam,

id. ib. 3, 1, 11; cf.:

fratrem in antiquum locum gratiae et honoris,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

fratrem (sc. in gratiam),

Curt. 8, 6, 26:

Acarnanas in antiquam formulam jurisque ac dicionis eorum,

Liv. 26, 24:

vos in amicitiam societatemque nostram,

id. 31, 31 fin. et saep.:

cum praecipitata raptim consilia neque revocari neque in integrum restitui possint,

id. 31, 32:

patientiae veteri (Britanniam),

Tac. Agr. 16.